What is a backdraft?

A backdraft occurs when there is a buildup of combustible gases in an area with insufficient oxygen, leading to incomplete combustion. When a door or window is opened, introducing fresh air into this environment, the recovery of oxygen can cause a rapid ignition of the gases, resulting in an explosive fire event. This phenomenon is particularly dangerous for firefighters because it can lead to sudden flare-ups and unpredictable fire behavior, making fire attack strategies critical for safety.

The definition captures the essential aspects of a backdraft, emphasizing the role of air (oxygen) introduction into a confined environment where flammable gases have accumulated. This situation highlights the need for proper ventilation techniques and situational awareness when entering a smoke-filled building to prevent triggering such violent reactions. Understanding the conditions that create a backdraft and its potential consequences is vital for effective firefighting tactics and safety measures.